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She was to deliver divine punishment to humanity and did so by slaughtering the rebels and bringing death into the world. After Ra consulting with the other gods, the goddess Hathor is chosen by Ra, to act as the violent Eye of Ra. The first section describes the "Destruction of Mankind", in which humanity plot against the Sun God Ra. However, Egyptologists who examined the text closely suggested a loose division of the text into four sections. Due to this presentation method, there are no clear breaks in the text that allow for a clear structuring of the text. There are no visible breaks in the actual text of The Heavenly Cow, aside from the representation of the Heavenly Cow. The Book of the Heavenly Cow is divided in half by the image of the cow and her supporters. The reign of Akhenaten – the pharaoh who had attempted to bring about a break in the existent religious traditions – may be the inspiration for the work.
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It has also been viewed as thematically similar to more developed accounts of the destruction of humanity in the Mesopotamian and biblical stories of the flood. The work has been viewed as a form of theodicy and a magical text to ensure the king's ascent into heaven. The book may have originated from the Pyramid Texts dawn myth accounts, but by the New Kingdom the idea was developed to explain death and suffering in an imperfect creation. He had a shorter description of the Book of the Heavenly Cow, written on a papyrus from the Ramesside period, now in Turin. Ramesses VI did not have a subsidiary room. Each version of the texts was found in a subsidiary room of the sarcophagus chamber exclusively designed for the Book of the Heavenly Cow. Three complete versions of the ancient text were discovered, in the tombs of Seti I, Ramesses II, and Ramesses III. The Book of the Heavenly Cow was first discovered in the outermost gilded shrine of Tutankhamun however, the ancient text was incomplete. The Book of the Heavenly Cow appears on the walls of the tombs of Seti I, Ramesses II, Ramesses III, Ramesses VI, and Tutankhamun.
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Though the text is recorded in the New Kingdom period, it is written in Middle Egyptian and may have been written during the Middle Kingdom period. The supreme god now changes into many heavenly bodies, creates the "Fields of Paradise" for the blessed dead, perhaps appoints Geb as his heir, hands over the rule of humankind to Osiris ( Thoth ruling the night sky as his deputy), with Shu and the Heh gods now supporting the sky goddess Nut. With this "fall", suffering and death came into the world, along with a fracture in the original unity of creation. Divine punishment was inflicted through the goddess Hathor, with the survivors suffering through separation from Ra, who now resided in the sky on the back of Nut, the heavenly cow. The Book of the Heavenly Cow, or the Book of the Cow of Heaven, is an Ancient Egyptian text thought to have originated during the Amarna Period and, in part, describes the reasons for the imperfect state of the world in terms of humankind's rebellion against the supreme sun god, Ra. WikiMili Book of the Heavenly Cow Last updated DecemThe sky goddess Nut depicted as a cow and supported by the eight Heh gods